Recently, in one of my VMWare system (with Windows XP host OS and Ubuntu guest OS), I ran into disk space shortage while installing a package (Thrift - A cross language service). Though there were many articles on the Internet in helping extending the guest OS partitions, they were for older versions or not applicable any more or had many complex steps. On spending some time and digging more on the issue, I found pretty straight forward steps in achieving what I wanted to do - doubling the disk space for Ubuntu.
Initial setup:
Host OS: Windows OS
Guest OS: Ubuntu Karmic (had 8G pre-allocated)
Disk: 148G Total and 60G Free out of which 8G to be allocated to Ubuntu
Needed:
Double Ubuntu disk space to 16G by adding a new partition
Step 1:
Run "disk analyzer" and get current disk space usage data that provides total, used, available and usred. See below. The system has less than 10% free disk space and needs more.